Abstract：The purpose of this study was to compare the exhaustive exercise performances carried-out under two different circumstances, ischemic preconditioning (IPC) and incremental warm-up preconditioning (IW). In this crossover study design, nineteen active and healthy volunteers (11 males and 8 females) were randomly assigned into 3 trials, including control (CON), IPC and IW trails. After their respective preconditionings, participants in all trails were challenged with three incremental, randomly assigned maximal exhaustive exercise on a cycle ergometer. Total exercise time, total work and peak oxygen uptake (VO_(2max)) were assessed. Furthermore, exchange gaseous measurement and blood samples were collected for every ten minutes during both preconditionings, immediately after exercise, 10-min and 60-min after exercise. The results showed that peak oxygen uptake and performance in cycle exhaustive exercise were significantly improved in IPC trial compared to CON and IW trials. Blood lactate level was not higher in response to IPC than IW at 60-min after exercise. However, creatine kinase and NOx levels in IPC and IW trials were increased in a similar fashion compared to those of CON trial. Results from our study conclude that 30-min ischemia preconditioning enhanced the aerobic capacity of young adults, which was represented by a significant increase of peak oxygen uptake. Particularly, IPC may improve the muscular endurance on exhaustive exercise performance among young cyclists. (Full text)