Abstract：This study was aimed to understand medication use by elite college athletes in Taiwan. This study surveyed 74 athletes (41 males, 33 females) who were selected for doping control at the National Intercollegiate Athletic Games during the year 2007 in Taiwan. The athletes were asked to declare the use of medication 14 days prior to the games. The data was analyzed by descriptive statistics, chi-square test, independent t-test and one-way repeated measures ANOVA. The results indicated that 32.4% of the athletes used medication, with each athlete used an average 0.43±0.09 different types. Analgesic drugs were the highest prevalence of different types of medicines used (32.4%), and significantly higher than the usage of gastrointestinal drugs, contraceptives, antibiotics, muscle relaxants and nasal antiallergics (p＜.05). Compared with male athletes, female athletes had a higher prevalence and more different types of medication (p＜.05). Among different medications, the usage of contraceptives and Chinese herbal medicines in female athletes were significantly higher than those in male athletes (p＜.05). These results presented the status of medication used in elite college athletes in Taiwan. The usage rate of medication in this study was lower than previous surveys. (Full text)